In May 2018, an unprecedented long and intense seismic-volcanic crisis broke out off the island of Mayotte (Indian Ocean) and was associated with the birth of the Fani Maoré underwater volcano. Since then, an integrated observation network has been created (REVOSIMA), with the given objective of monitoring and better understanding underwater volcanic phenomena. Recently, an unmanned submarine glider (SeaExplorer) has been deployed to supplement the data obtained during oceanographic surveys (MAYOBS) which are carried out on an annual basis. This glider is operated by ALSEAMAR and performed a continuous monitoring of 30 months of the water column with the objective to acquire hydrological properties, water currents and dissolved gas concentrations. This monitoring already showed that it is feasible and valuable to measure autonomously, continuously and at a high spatio-temporal scale, physical (TEMP, SAL, water currents) and biogeochemical parameters (O2, CH4, PCO2, bubbles/droplets, vertical speeds) over several months from a SeaExplorer glider. In particular, innovating sensing capabilities (e.g., MINI-CO2, ADCP) have shown a great potential in the context of the Mayotte seismic volcano crisis, despite technical challenges (complex algorithms, sensor capabilities, etc.). This dataset provides these physical and biogeochemical parameters from September 17, 2021 to April 02, 2024 and the quality flags associated.    Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

Ieodo Ocean Research Station (Ieodo ORS) opened in June 2003, and was built to help advance the understanding of the dynamics of the East China Sea, including its influence on Korea’s marine, terrestrial, and atmospheric environments, via the continuous and simultaneous multidisciplinary observation of local air and sea environments. Ieodo ORS is located 149 km from Marado, at the southernmost tip of Jejudo (commonly referred to in scientific literature as Jeju Island or previously as Cheju Island), southwest of the Korean Peninsula. Its steel-jacket framed tower-type platform was built near the submarine rock named “Ieodo” by the Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST). The Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency (KHOA) has operated this platform since January 1, 2007. Ieodo ORS stands 36 m in height above the datum level (DL) and consists of a boat landing plus 6 decks (Bottom Deck, Intermediate Deck, Cellar Deck, Main Deck, Roof Deck, and Heli Deck). Most of its meteorological instruments and sensors are installed on the Roof Deck, including two anemometers, one barometer, two air temperature sensors, and two relative humidity sensors. Ocean temperature and salinity have been relatively consistently measured at Ieodo ORS. Aanderaa inductive-type conductivity-temperature (CT) sensors are installed at depths of 5, 17.5, and 38 m throughout the entire year, operating at 1 min sampling intervals by KHOA. Residential facilities and the electrical control room are on the Main Deck, while a seawater desalination system and a diesel generator system are installed on the Cellar Deck. Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

Socheongcho Ocean Research Station (Socheongcho ORS) opened in October 2014, and was built to help advance the understanding of the dynamics of the Yellow Sea, including its influence on Korea’s marine, terrestrial, and atmospheric environments, via the continuous and simultaneous multidisciplinary observation of local air and sea environments. Socheongcho ORS is located in the central Yellow Sea about 50 km off the western coast of the Korean Peninsula. Its steel-jacket framed tower-type platform was built near the submarine rock named “Socheongcho” by the Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST). The Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency (KHOA) has operated this platform since January 1, 2016. Socheongcho ORS stands 42 m in height above the datum level (DL) and consists of a boat landing plus 7 decks (Bottom Deck, Intermediate Deck, Cellar Deck, Accommodation Deck, Main Deck, Roof Deck, and Heli Deck). Most of its meteorological instruments and sensors are installed on the Roof Deck, including two anemometers, two barometer, two air temperature sensors, and two relative humidity sensors. Ocean temperature and salinity have been relatively consistently measured at Socheongcho ORS. Aanderaa inductive-type conductivity-temperature (CT) sensors are installed at depths of 5.5 m throughout the entire year, operating at 1 min sampling intervals by KHOA. Residential facilities are on the Accommodation Deck and the electrical control room are on the Main Deck, while a seawater desalination system and a diesel generator system are installed on the Cellar Deck. Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

Field trips have been conducted from February 2019 to May 2020 in Poe lagoon (South Province - New Caledonia) to characterize its hydrodynamic processes and functionning. This shallow lagoon belongs to a wider area which has been registered at the UNESCO World Natural Heritage list in 2008 and has experienced recently beaching of seaweed (ulva sp.). A dedicated project (ELADE) has been launched to investigate paths of enrichment of this lagoon. This dataset belongs to the Hydrodynamics Task of this multidisciplinary project. Several moorings (~ 15) have been placed for observations of currents, temperature, pressure and  salinity dynamics during 2 legs (Feb. to May 2019 ; July-August 2019). During this field period, one major atmospheric event happened in February 2019 : OMA cyclone. From september 2019 to may 2020, a single station (temperature, salinity, pressure) has been kept in the area of maximum ulva biomass. Sampling strategy avalaible on (Sextant - Marine Geographic Information System)-[https://sextant.ifremer.fr/record/5d2e6d07-6b8d-4c01-8cb3-41d8ef4a6518/]. More information on (PRESENCE project)-[https://wwz.ifremer.fr/nouvelle_caledonie/Recherches-expertises/Vulnerabilite-des-ecosystemes-recifo-lagonaires].   Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

The Astan-Roscoff time-series data characterize the temperature and salinity of the Western English Channel. Between 1952 and 1982 the sampling station was located to the north-west of Batz Island. Since 1983, the sampling station is located at the current (https://www.somlit.fr/)-[https://www.somlit.fr]), accredited by the CNRS as a national Earth Science Observatory (Service National d’Observation: SNO), aiming at assessing their long-term evolution including both natural and anthropogenic forcings. Samples were collected with a Niskin bottle at high tide slack during neap tides at 2m-depth and at 60m-depth for the 1983-1999 period. Until 1970 the exact date of sampling is unknown, hence in the data set, the 1st of the month is present. Water samples where analysed for Salinity with a Salinometer Guidline Autocal and Temperature was measured during sampling with a reversing mercury thermometer (Richet and Wiese). Starting in 2000, this time series has been integrated in the SOMLIT ASTAN time-series, which is part of the( SOMLIT National Observation Service)-[https://www.somlit.fr/]. Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

Ieodo Ocean Research Station (Ieodo ORS) opened in June 2003, and was built to help advance the understanding of the dynamics of the East China Sea, including its influence on Korea’s marine, terrestrial, and atmospheric environments, via the continuous and simultaneous multidisciplinary observation of local air and sea environments. Ieodo ORS is located 149 km from Marado, at the southernmost tip of Jejudo (commonly referred to in scientific literature as Jeju Island or previously as Cheju Island), southwest of the Korean Peninsula. Its steel-jacket framed tower-type platform was built near the submarine rock named “Ieodo” by the Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST). The Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency (KHOA) has operated this platform since January 1, 2007. Ieodo ORS stands 36 m in height above the datum level (DL) and consists of a boat landing plus 6 decks (Bottom Deck, Intermediate Deck, Cellar Deck, Main Deck, Roof Deck, and Heli Deck). Most of its meteorological instruments and sensors are installed on the Roof Deck, including two anemometers, one barometer, two air temperature sensors, and two relative humidity sensors. Ocean temperature and salinity have been relatively consistently measured at Ieodo ORS. Aanderaa inductive-type conductivity-temperature (CT) sensors are installed at depths of 3, 20.5, and 38 m throughout the entire year, operating at 1 min sampling intervals by KHOA. Residential facilities and the electrical control room are on the Main Deck, while a seawater desalination system and a diesel generator system are installed on the Cellar Deck.   Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

Socheongcho Ocean Research Station (Socheongcho ORS) opened in October 2014, and was built to help advance the understanding of the dynamics of the Yellow Sea, including its influence on Korea’s marine, terrestrial, and atmospheric environments, via the continuous and simultaneous multidisciplinary observation of local air and sea environments. Socheongcho ORS is located in the central Yellow Sea about 50 km off the western coast of the Korean Peninsula. Its steel-jacket framed tower-type platform was built near the submarine rock named “Socheongcho” by the Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST). The Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency (KHOA) has operated this platform since January 1, 2016. Socheongcho ORS stands 42 m in height above the datum level (DL) and consists of a boat landing plus 7 decks (Bottom Deck, Intermediate Deck, Cellar Deck, Accommodation Deck, Main Deck, Roof Deck, and Heli Deck). Most of its meteorological instruments and sensors are installed on the Roof Deck, including two anemometers, two barometer, two air temperature sensors, and two relative humidity sensors. Ocean temperature and salinity have been relatively consistently measured at Socheongcho ORS. Aanderaa inductive-type conductivity-temperature (CT) sensors are installed at depths of 5.5 m throughout the entire year, operating at 1 min sampling intervals by KHOA. Residential facilities are on the Accommodation Deck and the electrical control room are on the Main Deck, while a seawater desalination system and a diesel generator system are installed on the Cellar Deck. Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

Socheongcho Ocean Research Station (Socheongcho ORS) opened in October 2014, and was built to help advance the understanding of the dynamics of the Yellow Sea, including its influence on Korea’s marine, terrestrial, and atmospheric environments, via the continuous and simultaneous multidisciplinary observation of local air and sea environments. Socheongcho ORS is located in the central Yellow Sea about 50 km off the western coast of the Korean Peninsula. Its steel-jacket framed tower-type platform was built near the submarine rock named “Socheongcho” by the Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST). The Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency (KHOA) has operated this platform since January 1, 2016. Socheongcho ORS stands 42 m in height above the datum level (DL) and consists of a boat landing plus 7 decks (Bottom Deck, Intermediate Deck, Cellar Deck, Accommodation Deck, Main Deck, Roof Deck, and Heli Deck). Most of its meteorological instruments and sensors are installed on the Roof Deck, including two anemometers, two barometer, two air temperature sensors, and two relative humidity sensors. Ocean temperature and salinity have been relatively consistently measured at Socheongcho ORS. Aanderaa inductive-type conductivity-temperature (CT) sensors are installed at depths of 5.5 m throughout the entire year, operating at 1 min sampling intervals by KHOA. Residential facilities are on the Accommodation Deck and the electrical control room are on the Main Deck, while a seawater desalination system and a diesel generator system are installed on the Cellar Deck. Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

Socheongcho Ocean Research Station (Socheongcho ORS) opened in October 2014, and was built to help advance the understanding of the dynamics of the Yellow Sea, including its influence on Korea’s marine, terrestrial, and atmospheric environments, via the continuous and simultaneous multidisciplinary observation of local air and sea environments. Socheongcho ORS is located in the central Yellow Sea about 50 km off the western coast of the Korean Peninsula. Its steel-jacket framed tower-type platform was built near the submarine rock named “Socheongcho” by the Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST). The Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency (KHOA) has operated this platform since January 1, 2016. Socheongcho ORS stands 42 m in height above the datum level (DL) and consists of a boat landing plus 7 decks (Bottom Deck, Intermediate Deck, Cellar Deck, Accommodation Deck, Main Deck, Roof Deck, and Heli Deck). Most of its meteorological instruments and sensors are installed on the Roof Deck, including two anemometers, two barometer, two air temperature sensors, and two relative humidity sensors. Ocean temperature and salinity have been relatively consistently measured at Socheongcho ORS. Aanderaa inductive-type conductivity-temperature (CT) sensors are installed at depths of 5.5 m throughout the entire year, operating at 1 min sampling intervals by KHOA. Residential facilities are on the Accommodation Deck and the electrical control room are on the Main Deck, while a seawater desalination system and a diesel generator system are installed on the Cellar Deck. Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

As part of the second mission of the (GOCART)-[https://projects.noc.ac.uk/gocart/] (Gauging Ocean organic Carbon fluxes using Autonomous Robotic Technologies) project, funded by the European Research Council, a Slocum glider (unit-405, Doombar) spent about 4 months surveying the top 1000m of a low oxygen region of the Northern Benguela Upwelling region, off the coast of Namibia. The goal of the mission was to characterize the temporal variability in organic carbon flux and remineralisation depth during the spring bloom in a highly productive but low oxygen region in the Benguela Current, off the Namibian coast. The glider was a Teledyne Webb Research (Slocum)-[https://www.teledynemarine.com/brands/webb-research/slocum-glider] G2, equipped with: Seabird Glider Payload CTD (pumped), measuring temperature, conductivity and pressure Sea-Bird WETLabs ECO Puck Triplet BB2FL-SLC scattering fluorescence sensor, measuring chlorophyll fluorescence and optical backscattering at 700 and 532nm Aanderaa 4831 oxygen optode, measuring dissolved oxygen concentration. The glider was deployed at 11.225°E, 19.331°S on 14th February 2018 from the RV Mirabilis, the vessel of the Namibian Ministry of Fisheries, during the second leg of the 2018 Hake Survey off the northern Namibian shelf and recovered on June 19th, 2018 during the (DY090 cruise)-[https://www.bodc.ac.uk/resources/inventories/cruise_inventory/report/16386/] on board RSS Discovery, during the COMICS cruise (Controls over Oceanic Mesopelagic Interior Carbon Storage), funded by the Natural Environmental Research Council. The latter cruise was in the vicinity of the glider from 1st-19th June, 2018. To validate/calibrate the glider sensors, we conducted several targeted casts (where gliders and ships started profiles simultaneously) and non-targeted casts (unplanned matchups where gliders and ships CTD-profiles were within an acceptable range of each other). Bottle samples were collected on all ship CTD profiles. For calibration purposes, we evaluated and determined that casts within 5 km and 12 hours of each other were considered glider ship matchups. These matchups exhibited strong correlation (linear regression r^2 = 0.95).Variables calibrated were salinity, chlorophyll concentration and oxygen concentration. Doombar’s mission was slightly modified 3 times during the 4-month deployment: 1 – Sampling around a 12 km triangle at BN0 (centred at 10.80°E, 18.25°S) from 19/02/2018-27/03/2018: Once the glider reached the site (BN0), it was tasked to survey a triangle with 12 km side, centred at that location. The location of the triangle was chosen based on low currents to help constrain advective processes and the predominantly westward surface currents in the region . The 12km sided triangle was chosen based on the time it took the glider to do a complete circuit, aiming for the glider to take around 1.5 days around the triangle. 2 – Sampling around a 12 km triangle at BN (centred at 10.95°E, 18.05°S) from 27/03/2018-08/06/2018: Given that the mission was to survey a low oxygen region, and oxygen concentrations monitored by the glider weren’t consistently low, on March 26th the glider was re-tasked to establish a new triangle (BN) centred at 10.95°E, 18.05°S, Northeast of the initial sampling site, where lower oxygen concentrations were expected. 3 – Station-keeping (“virtual-mooring”) 1.5km North of BN from 08/06/2018-19/06/2018: Throughout its deployment, Doombar gradually reduced its forward speed from about 4km per 1000m dive to about 1.5km. This meant that the glider could no longer cover the triangle in less than 2 days. So, while the ship was in the vicinity, Doombar was assigned a station keeping mission 1.5 km from the cruise main station, to not only avoid the risk of hitting the glider, but also so that any ship data could contribute to validating glider sensor data. Further information on sensor validation can be found in the netcdf file as well as documented in (Lovecchio et al, 2022)-[https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JC019063]. Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.