Socheongcho Ocean Research Station (Socheongcho ORS) opened in October 2014, and was built to help advance the understanding of the dynamics of the Yellow Sea, including its influence on Korea’s marine, terrestrial, and atmospheric environments, via the continuous and simultaneous multidisciplinary observation of local air and sea environments. Socheongcho ORS is located in the central Yellow Sea about 50 km off the western coast of the Korean Peninsula. Its steel-jacket framed tower-type platform was built near the submarine rock named “Socheongcho” by the Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST). The Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency (KHOA) has operated this platform since January 1, 2016. Socheongcho ORS stands 42 m in height above the datum level (DL) and consists of a boat landing plus 7 decks (Bottom Deck, Intermediate Deck, Cellar Deck, Accommodation Deck, Main Deck, Roof Deck, and Heli Deck). Most of its meteorological instruments and sensors are installed on the Roof Deck, including two anemometers, two barometer, two air temperature sensors, and two relative humidity sensors. Ocean temperature and salinity have been relatively consistently measured at Socheongcho ORS. Aanderaa inductive-type conductivity-temperature (CT) sensors are installed at depths of 5.5 m throughout the entire year, operating at 1 min sampling intervals by KHOA. Residential facilities are on the Accommodation Deck and the electrical control room are on the Main Deck, while a seawater desalination system and a diesel generator system are installed on the Cellar Deck. Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

This dataset describes the dissolved cobalt and manganese distributions in the East China Sea. Other parameters such as salinity, water temperature, potential density, dissolved oxygen, and nutrient (nitrate, phosphate, and silicate) concentrations are also included. Seawater samples used for generating this dataset were obtained during the KS-15-6 cruise onboard R/V Shinsei Maru between July and August 2015 (Stn1 to Stn15), and during the KH-15-3 cruise onboard R/V Hakuho Maru in October 2015 (F1, D4, B8, and I1). Dissolved cobalt concentrations were determined using cathodic stripping voltammetry at the University of Tokyo and by using inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) at Kanazawa University, Japan. Meanwhile, dissolved manganese concentrations were determined using ICP-MS at both the University of Tokyo and Kanazawa University. All samples were irradiated with ultraviolet light before analysis. Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

As part of the second mission of the (GOCART)-[https://projects.noc.ac.uk/gocart/] (Gauging Ocean organic Carbon fluxes using Autonomous Robotic Technologies) project, funded by the European Research Council, a Slocum glider (unit-405, Doombar) spent about 4 months surveying the top 1000m of a low oxygen region of the Northern Benguela Upwelling region, off the coast of Namibia. The goal of the mission was to characterize the temporal variability in organic carbon flux and remineralisation depth during the spring bloom in a highly productive but low oxygen region in the Benguela Current, off the Namibian coast. The glider was a Teledyne Webb Research (Slocum)-[https://www.teledynemarine.com/brands/webb-research/slocum-glider] G2, equipped with: Seabird Glider Payload CTD (pumped), measuring temperature, conductivity and pressure Sea-Bird WETLabs ECO Puck Triplet BB2FL-SLC scattering fluorescence sensor, measuring chlorophyll fluorescence and optical backscattering at 700 and 532nm Aanderaa 4831 oxygen optode, measuring dissolved oxygen concentration. The glider was deployed at 11.225°E, 19.331°S on 14th February 2018 from the RV Mirabilis, the vessel of the Namibian Ministry of Fisheries, during the second leg of the 2018 Hake Survey off the northern Namibian shelf and recovered on June 19th, 2018 during the (DY090 cruise)-[https://www.bodc.ac.uk/resources/inventories/cruise_inventory/report/16386/] on board RSS Discovery, during the COMICS cruise (Controls over Oceanic Mesopelagic Interior Carbon Storage), funded by the Natural Environmental Research Council. The latter cruise was in the vicinity of the glider from 1st-19th June, 2018. To validate/calibrate the glider sensors, we conducted several targeted casts (where gliders and ships started profiles simultaneously) and non-targeted casts (unplanned matchups where gliders and ships CTD-profiles were within an acceptable range of each other). Bottle samples were collected on all ship CTD profiles. For calibration purposes, we evaluated and determined that casts within 5 km and 12 hours of each other were considered glider ship matchups. These matchups exhibited strong correlation (linear regression r^2 = 0.95).Variables calibrated were salinity, chlorophyll concentration and oxygen concentration. Doombar’s mission was slightly modified 3 times during the 4-month deployment: 1 – Sampling around a 12 km triangle at BN0 (centred at 10.80°E, 18.25°S) from 19/02/2018-27/03/2018: Once the glider reached the site (BN0), it was tasked to survey a triangle with 12 km side, centred at that location. The location of the triangle was chosen based on low currents to help constrain advective processes and the predominantly westward surface currents in the region . The 12km sided triangle was chosen based on the time it took the glider to do a complete circuit, aiming for the glider to take around 1.5 days around the triangle. 2 – Sampling around a 12 km triangle at BN (centred at 10.95°E, 18.05°S) from 27/03/2018-08/06/2018: Given that the mission was to survey a low oxygen region, and oxygen concentrations monitored by the glider weren’t consistently low, on March 26th the glider was re-tasked to establish a new triangle (BN) centred at 10.95°E, 18.05°S, Northeast of the initial sampling site, where lower oxygen concentrations were expected. 3 – Station-keeping (“virtual-mooring”) 1.5km North of BN from 08/06/2018-19/06/2018: Throughout its deployment, Doombar gradually reduced its forward speed from about 4km per 1000m dive to about 1.5km. This meant that the glider could no longer cover the triangle in less than 2 days. So, while the ship was in the vicinity, Doombar was assigned a station keeping mission 1.5 km from the cruise main station, to not only avoid the risk of hitting the glider, but also so that any ship data could contribute to validating glider sensor data. Further information on sensor validation can be found in the netcdf file as well as documented in (Lovecchio et al, 2022)-[https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JC019063]. Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

This dataset contains turbidity (NTU) data acquired between August 2018 and June 2019 using a Wetlabs turbidimeter (ECO-BBRTD, serial # 215R) installed horizontally at 1.5 m height at the top of the SeaMoN East frame. The sensor was not calibrated as the sizes of the natural particles are unknown. Data was acquired every 15 minutes. The instrument is part of the SeaMoN East ecological monitoring node deployed at ca 10m away from the active hydrothermal edifice Tour Eiffel. Deployment : 2018/08/23 -Victor 6000 Dive 707-12 (Momarsat 2018 cruise https://doi.org/10.17600/18000514) Recovery : 2019/06/15 - Nautile dive 1942-04 (Momarsat 2019 cruise (https://doi.org/10.17600/18001110)-[https://doi.org/10.17600/18000514]) Location : 37.8N, 36.77S, -31.64E, -32.91W   Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

The two platforms IAOOS 23 and IAOOS 24 were deployed within 600 m from each other at the North Pole from the Russia-operated Barneo ice camp on April 12, 2017. They followed a meandering trajectory, reaching as far as 30°E in the Nansen Basin, before turning back to the western Fram Strait. On both IAOOS 23 and 24, the ocean profiler was a PROVOR SPI (from French manufacturer NKE) equipped with a Seabird SBE41 CTD (Conductivity, Temperature, Depth) and a dissolved oxygen (DO) Aandera 4330 optode. For the first time, the profiler on IAOOS 23 also carried biogeochemical sensors. It featured a bio-optics sensor suite and a submersible ultraviolet nitrate analyzer (SUNA, Satlantic-Seabird Inc.). The bio-optics sensor suite (called Pack Rem A) combines a three-optical-sensor instrument (ECO Triplet, WET Labs Inc.) and a multispectral radiometer (OCR-504, Satlantic Inc.). The present dataset is composed of CTD-DO data from IAOOS 23 and 24, corrected from the thermal lag and the sensor lag, despiked and interpolated vertically every 0.5 m. It also comprises nitrate concentrations from the SUNA and CDOM fluorescence from the WETLabs ECO sensor on IAOOS 23. Other biogeochemical data will be added to this dataset. The profilers were set to perform two upward profiles a day from 250 m (IAOOS 23) and 350 m (IAOOS 24) upward starting at approximately 6 am and 6 pm. They provided a unique 8-month long dataset, gathering a total of 793 profiles of the temperature, salinity and oxygen (upper 350m) and 427 profiles of CDOM and nitrates concentrations (upper 250m).   Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

Two quality controlled datasets here archived were collected during the oceanographic cruise MEIO that held in October-November 2022 over the South Western Indian Ocean, onboard S.A. Agulhas II. The first dataset is composed of continuous vertical profiles of the 12 oceanographic stations. The profiles have a resolution of 1dbar. The parameters reported in this data set are: pressure (in dbar), in-situ temperature (in °C), practical salinity, dissolved oxygen concentration (in µmol/kg), fluorescence of calibrated chlorophyll-a fluorescence (in µg/L), nitrate concentration (in µmol/kg) and particle attenuation @660nm (in 1/m). The second dataset is composed of discrete samples collected during the 12 stations. The parameters are the sensors measurements of every samples, dissolved oxygen concentration measured by the Winkler method (in µmol/kg), practical salinity measured by Autosal, concentration of silicate (in µmol/kg), concentration of phosphate (in µmol/kg) , concentration of nitrite (in µmol/kg), concentration of nitrate (in µmol/kg), concentration of pigments (processed by HPLC). These datasets aim to contribute to the extension of the One-Argo programme in the southwestern area of the Indian Ocean through the deployment of a significant number of floats; and to collect reference measurements through a multi-instrumented CTD rosette, allowing in particular to calibrate the robots’ sensors, just before their deployment. The two datasets were collected in concomitancy with the deployment of 29 One-Argo floats (WMO numbers : 5906536, 6903149, 4902620, 6903088, 6903148, 6990505, 5906970, 7901013, 4902626, 6903150, 5906972, 6903031, 5906540, 5906969, 4902623, 6990503, 3902471, 5906539, 6990504, 1902572, 5906537, 4902628, 7901003, 3902472, 6903033, 5906538, 1902573, 6903084, 5906971). Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

This dataset contains the CTD data collected during the GOMBESSA 6 cruise, from 1 to 12 July 2021, in Corsica, western Mediterranean, jointly by the (MARBEC MARine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation)-[http://www.umr-marbec.fr/en/?lang=en] (France) teams. The full-depth CTD profiles were performed using an autonomous SeaBird SBE 19plus V2 SeaCAT Profiler CTD, from the Pionnier vessel belonging to (Seaowl)-[https://web.facebook.com/page.andromede/?_rdc=1&_rdr] France and chartered by the French Navy. Nine stations, from the depth of 115 m to the surface, were sampled off the Corsica coasts (western Mediterranean basin) between latitude 43.11-43.74 °N and longitude 9.49-9.52 °E. The acquisition rate was 4 Hz. The accuracy, specified by the manufacturer, were ± 0.005 °C for temperature and ± 0.0005 S/m for conductivity. The dataset is provided in different formats (CSV, NetCDF, Ocean Data View collection), which contains, for each station the following parameters: Depth [salt_water,m] Temperature [ITS-90,deg-C] pH Salinity, Practical [PSU] Conductivity [S/m] Density [kg/m^3] Oxygen [mL/L] Oxygen_sat [% saturation] Oxygen_umoll [umol/L] Turbidity [NTU] Fluorescence [mg/m^3] Light [PAR/Irradiance] QC (reference: OceanSITES quality flags http://www.oceansites.org/docs/oceansites_user_manual_version1.2.doc) Julian Days and UTC time (yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ss.sss) The ZIP archives contain 1/ a map of stations 2/ the list of the ID stations, geographic coordinates and general metadata 3/ all raw data acquired, for all parameters, in CNV format, 4/ the downcasts and upcasts in CSV format, 5/ the upcasts only in ODV, 6/ NetCDF and 7/ TXT formats, and 8/ two vertical profile graphs including all stations (sea water temperature and oxygen). All data acquired are publicly accessible without any restriction (under CC-BY licence). The extracted data are accessible from this GOMBESSA 6 landing page with a downloadable ZIP file. Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

This is the third cruise for the US Office of Naval Research’s Coherent Lagrangian Pathways from the Surface Ocean to Interior (Calypso) project.  The program is motivated by the understanding that the vertical movement of water from the surface to depth across the base of the mixed layer has implications for the transport of properties, gases, biogeochemistry, and the fate of drifting particles/objects. However, vertical velocities are weak (about a thousand times smaller than horizontal velocities) and difficult to detect. To represent these motions we need to answer the following questions: (1) How are water and properties from the surface boundary layer exported to depth?  (2) What coherent pathways act as conduits for exchange? (3) What dynamics shapes these pathways? (4) What are the Lagrangian trajectories? (5) What are the time and space scales of subduction? (6) Where does the water end up?  (7) Can we predict these pathways in 3 dimensions and what data are needed to aid or constrain predictive models?  Previous work has established the theoretical basis for predicting coherent Lagrangian structures in the ocean. Confirmation of the predictive theory has only been accomplished in the horizontal dimension and the observational study and confirmation of predictive theories for 3D plus time have not yet been demonstrated. Calypso aims to: (1) Establish an understanding and predictive capability of the three-dimensional coherent pathways by which water carrying tracers and drifting objects is transported from the surface ocean to depths below the mixed layer. (2) Design and implement an observational study to test the theories, hypothesis, and predictions of the 3-D, time-evolving Lagrangian pathways. Due to the need to sample across a range of scales, we have set up this two-ship study with numerous autonomous and Lagrangian platforms.  Eurofleets+ helped the observational program succeed via the award of ship time on R/V Pelagia.  During the cruise, most of the operations from R/V Pelagia focussed on repeat surveys at a front and a cyclonic eddy to the NE of the front with a variety of ship-based measurements and autonomous platforms.  Two-ship operations combined repeat small-scale surveys by R/V Pelagia , which were embedded within larger scale surveys by R/V Pourquois Pas.   Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

This dataset contains current data acquired between July 2017 and August 2018 using 3 TCM3 Ocean Bottom Tilt Current Meters installed next to the Tour Eiffel, Montségur and Crystal hydrothermal vent sites. The TCM-3 Ocean Bottom Tilt Current Meter from Lowell Instruments LLC (North Falmouth, MA, USA) measures current using the drag-tilt principle. The logger is buoyant and is anchored to the bottom via a short flexible tether. Drag from moving water tilts the logger in the direction of flow. The logger’s accelerometer and magnetometer channels are used to record the amount of tilt and direction of tilt (compass bearing). The array comprises 3 currentmeters, deployed near the Tour Eiffel, Montségur and Crystal hydrothermal vent sites. It is not connected to an energy node. The currentmeter's internal clocks are set to UTC time before deployment. Clock drift after recovery is not implemented in data but added as metadata in Table_TCM3EMSO_Azores 2016-2018. Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

EMSO-LO (European Multidisciplinary See floor Observatory and water column, Western Ligurian Site) is a second generation permanent submarine observatory deployed offshore of Toulon, France. This submarine network is part of the LSPM (Laboratoire Sous-Marin Provence Méditerannée, https://www.km3net.org/) which has a modular topology designed to connect up to 120 neutrino detection units. The Earth and Sea Science (ESS) instrumentation connected to KM3NeT is based on two complementary components: an Instrumented Interface Module (MII), an autonomous mooring line (ALBATROSS) and a Scientific Junction Box (BJS, developed by Ifremer). On the ocean floor, instruments and plateforms can be connected to the BJS whose role is to supply energy and internet connection to the instruments of the site. Among the most relevant novelties, BathyBot is an underwater robot that joined the observatory site for several years, and deployed from a structure called BathyDock. BathyBot - A benthic robot to see the invisible in the depths of the Mediterranean Sea is a remotely-operated, cabled exploration robot. It is dedicated to long-term monitoring of deep-sea environmental variables (oxygen, temperature, salinity, pressure, current - the fluorimeter data flux is available through the aquadopp data flux) as well as biology, thanks to two different cameras (images available through a citizen science project http://ecotaxa.obs-vlfr.fr/). In particular, BathyBot will enable to see the bioluminescence emitted by marine organisms and better understand its ecological role. Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.