This datasets includes all the CTD profiles taken by the scientific teams on-board the RV Belgica during the year 2022-2024. The vast majority of the profiles are measured in the Belgian part of the North Sea.

Although zooplankton was extensively studied in the North Sea, knowledge about winter zooplankton assemblages is still scarce, despite potential influence of zooplankton overwintering stocks on seasonal plankton succession and productivity. Furthermore, several economically and ecologically important fish species reproduce during winter contributing to the zooplankton community as passive members (eggs) or predators (larvae). To shed some light on winter zooplankton distribution, abundance and composition in the Southern North Sea and Eastern English Channel, we defined assemblages based on mesozoo- and ichthyoplankton data sampled between January and February 2008 using fuzzy-clustering and indicator species. Mesozoo- and ichthyoplankton (eggs+larvae) were integrated in a common analysis by using a spatial grid adapted to the datasets and defined by means of a geostatistical method developed in agronomics. Potential environmental drivers of assemblage distribution were evaluated by means of GLMM and comparison with data from 2022 facilitated insight about the inter-annual representativeness of the assemblages. Five zooplankton assemblages were found varying with regard to total zooplankton abundance, dominant and indicator taxa. Spatial variability of abiotic (dissolved nutrients, salinity, depth, temperature, organic matter in suspension, chlorophyll a), biotic variables (phyto- and microplankton composition), water masses and fish spawning grounds were revealed as potential drivers of assemblage distribution. Assemblages off the Rhine-Scheldt estuary and in the German Bight harbored the biggest zooplankton overwintering stocks that might influence the grazing pressure on phytoplankton spring production. Assemblages off the Rhine-Scheldt estuary and covering the English Channel and the Southern Bight were found to be of high importance for herring and plaice larvae. Although further analyses suggested inter-annual representativeness of the assemblages found (2008 vs 2022), the assessment of further years would be necessary to account for potential inter-annual variability. Future studies could profit from the assessment of microzooplankton facilitating insight in fish larvae feeding potential and zooplankton overwintering strategies. Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

Data related to the article: Shelf Water Export at the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence Evidenced From Combined In-situ and Satellite Observations. By Gaston Manta, Sabrina Speich, Marcelo Barreiro, Romina Trinchin, Camila de Mello, Remi Laxenaire and Alberto R. Piola. Oceanographic dataset of CTD, TSG, and ADCP campaign in Uruguay during April-May 2016 (see the paper). CTD_Manta_etal_2022.nc contains the 82 CTD profiles There are matrices of 4219 * 82. 4219 is the maximum pressure reached by a station. The rest is filled with NaNs. TSG_Manta_etal_2022.csv is the TSG data with a 10 minute centered moving average and a coarse calibration of the fluorometer (see the paper). ADCP_Manta_etal_2022.nc are u and v velocities from the hull-mounted ADCP, matrices of depth (50)x time(18500) processed with cascade and tide corrected. Water_samples_Manta_etal_2022.csv Contains nutrients and chlorophyll-a at 5m depth. (Time is always in MatLab datenum format and in year-month-day-hour-minute-second) You can find more details about the data in the paper and also here http://data.utm.csic.es/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/urn:SDN:CSR:LOCAL:29SG20160408 Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

In the framework of the R/V Cornide de Saavedra (Spanish Institute of Oceanography, IEO) field works, a continuous thermosalinometer (TSG) recorder was installed in 2006. From this moment, daily data was sent to the IEO datacenter until the end of the vessel activity in 2013. After a detailed quality control/quality asessment revision, that includes checking the clock, position, and recorded temperature, salinity and fluorometry values, the whole dataset is provided with quality flags (QF) that improved their usability. Datafiles and the QF follow the seadatanet.org standards. Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

In the framework of the Research Vessel JM Navaz (Spanish Institute of Oceanography, IEO) routine field and monitoring operations on the Galician coastal waters, a continuous thermosalinograph (TSG,       SeaBird 21) with a fluorometer (Turner 10) was installed in 2007 as an IEO contribution to the RAIA observatory in Galicia-North Portugal (http://marnaraia.org). This research vessel has sampled the Galician Rias Baixas (Vigo, Pontevedra, Arousa and Muros) and the adjacent shelf in the framework of  the IEO monitoring program RADIALES (monthly sampling, https://www.seriestemporales-ieo.net/) and also of  the harmful algae Galician monitoring of INTECMAR (weekly sampling, http://www.intecmar.gal/).  Data was routinely sent to the IEO datacenter and underway data are available from 12th December 2007 to 10th January 2017. During this period, the vessel performed more than 930 sampling cruises with underway TSG data, working around 6 900 hours and sailing close to 100 000 km. It has registered more than 800 000 temperature and salinity data and more than 450 000 fluorescence records. A recent revision, standardization and quality control/quality assessment of the dataset have been performed in the framework of SeaDataCloud (H2020 INFRARAIA-1-2016-2017, n730960) with additional support from MyCOAST (Interreg Atlantic Area EAPA 285/2016) and MarRISK (Interreg POCTEP Galicia-N Portugal, 0262_MARRISK_1_E) projects. This includes re-checking the clock, position, vessel speed, and recorded temperature, salinity and fluorometry values, as well as vocabularies that facilitate reuse of them. The whole dataset is provided with updated quality flags (QF) that improve their reusability. Weekly datafiles and the QF follow the seadatanet.org standards, as in formats as in vocabularies, in the pursuit of the FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable) data principles for sharing. At the moment, these data are freely distributed using OGC standard services (WMS, WFS, etc.) through institutional Thredds (http://centolo.co.ieo.es:8080/thredds/catalog/rv/Navaz/catalog.html) and Geoserver (http://centolo.co.ieo.es:8080/geoserver/web/) which facilitates the user's queries, automation of routines (e. g. model validation), and the development and implementation of web services and applications. Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

In the framework of the R/V J. Rioja (Spanish Institute of Oceanography, IEO-CSIC) routine field and monitoring operations on the Cantabrian Sea waters (southern Bay of Biscay), a continuous thermosalinometer (TSG, SeaBird 21) was installed in 2002 as an IEO contribution to the Ferrybox EU-funded project (2002-2005, EC-FP5-EESD nºEVK2-2002-00144). This research vessel has sampled the area in the framework of the IEO monitoring program RADIALES (monthly sampling, https://www.seriestemporales-ieo.net/). Data was routinely sent to the IEO datacenter and underway data are available from 15th October 2002 to 25th October 2012. During this period, the vessel performed more than 120 monthly sampling cruises with underway TSG data, recording more than 492 000 temperature and salinity lines. A recent revision, standardization and quality control/quality assessment of the dataset have been performed in the framework of SeaDataCloud project (H2020 INFRARAIA-1-2016-2017, n730960). This includes re-checking the clock, position, vessel speed, and recorded temperature and salinity values, as well as vocabularies that facilitate the accesibility of them. The whole dataset is provided with updated quality flags (QF) that improve their reusability. Monthly datafiles and the QF follow the seadatanet.org standards, as in formats as in vocabularies, in the pursuit of the FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable) data principles for sharing. At the moment, these data are freely distributed using OGC standard services (WMS, WFS, etc.) through institutional Thredds (http://centolo.co.ieo.es:8080/geoserver/web/) which facilitates the user's queries, automation of routines (e. g. model validation), and the development and implementation of web services and applications. Ref: Viloria, A. Atlas costero de temperatura y salinidad superficial en el Cantábrico. Master thesis. U Vigo (2012). http://hdl.handle.net/10508/15653 Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

This data set contains underway Temperature, Conductivity, Salinity and Potential Density anomaly data collected by a Thermosalinograph (TSG) during the MedSHIP cruise TAlPro2022 (on the Belgia vessel RV BELGICA) in the Western Mediterranean Sea in May 2022. Underway data was collected along the cruise track with an autonomous TSG system, consisting of a SBE21 together with a SBE38 Thermometer. Both systems worked independent from each other throughout the cruise. While temperature is taken at the water inlet (SBE38), salinity and density are calculated within the interior TSG from conductivity and interior temperature (SBE21)

Navigation, meteorological and underway system data from the R/V Atlantic Explorer acquired during the FIGURE-CARING 2022 Eurofleets+ cruise.

Data collected during the BENCHMARK cruise. The cruise was carried out between August 1-10, 2021 on Denmark Strait, in Icelandic and Greenlandic waters. The objectives of the cruise were to characterise the composition and distribution of epibenthic fauna in the Denmark Strait, with a particular focus on taxa considered indicators of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystem, and to survey water mass properties and flow structure in the area.

This dataset is a compilation of en-route thermo-salinometry data recorded by the RV A962 Belgica. Data are grouped per campaign from 1993 until 2021. Data are measured by a Sea-Bird thermo-salinometry sensor installed in the vessel Scientific Seawater circuit (constant depth).