EMODnet Chemistry aims to provide access to marine chemistry data sets and derived data products concerning eutrophication, acidity and contaminants. The chemicals chosen reflect importance to the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). ITS-90 water temperature and Water body salinity variables have been also included (as-is) to complete the Eutrophication and Acidity data. If you use these variables for calculations, please refer to SeaDataNet for having the quality flags: https://www.seadatanet.org/Products/Aggregated-datasets . This aggregated dataset contains all unrestricted EMODnet Chemistry data on Eutrophication and Acidity (15 parameters with quality flag indicators), and covers the Mediterranean Sea with 187722 CDI records (180932 Vertical profiles and 6790 Time series). Vertical profiles temporal range is from 1911-08-17 to 2020-10-16. Time series temporal range is from 1974-06-04 to 2018-02-20. Data were aggregated and quality controlled by 'Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Hellenic National Oceanographic Data Centre (HCMR/HNODC)' from Greece. Regional datasets concerning eutrophication and acidity are automatically harvested and resulting collections are aggregated and quality controlled using ODV Software and following a common methodology for all Sea Regions ( https://doi.org/10.6092/9f75ad8a-ca32-4a72-bf69-167119b2cc12). When not present in original data, Water body nitrate plus nitrite was calculated by summing up the Nitrates and Nitrites. Same procedure was applied for Water body dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) which was calculated by summing up the Nitrates, Nitrites and Ammonium. Parameter names are based on P35, EMODnet Chemistry aggregated parameter names vocabulary, which is available at: https://www.bodc.ac.uk/resources/vocabularies/vocabulary_search/P35/. Detailed documentation is available at: https://dx.doi.org/10.6092/4e85717a-a2c9-454d-ba0d-30b89f742713 Explore and extract data at: https://emodnet-chemistry.webodv.awi.de/eutrophication%3EMediterranean The aggregated dataset can also be downloaded as ODV collection and spreadsheet, which is composed of metadata header followed by tab separated values. This spreadsheet can be imported to ODV Software for visualisation (More information can be found at: https://www.seadatanet.org/Software/ODV ). The original datasets can be searched and downloaded from EMODnet Chemistry Chemistry CDI Data and Discovery Access Service: https://emodnet-chemistry.maris.nl/search

This layer shows the current known extent of biogenic substrate in European waters, collated by EMODnet Seabed Habitats in 2021. The purpose was to produce a data product that would add a new class of substrate into the EUSeaMap substrate layer for EUSeaMap 2021. This was required in order to classify the EUSeaMap broad-scale habitat map according to the 2019 version of the EUNIS habitat classification system, which includes a biogenic substrate category.

Confidence in the classification of substrate type in the 2021 EUSeaMap broad-scale predictive habitat map. Values are on a range from 1 (Low confidence) to 3 (High confidence). Substrate type is one of the layers of information used to categorise physical habitat types in EUSeaMap; these layers of information are collectively known as 'habitat descriptors'. The substrate layer confidence was obtained from reclassification and standardisation of the confidence scores associated with each primary layer used to create the Substrate types layer. A report on the methods used in the 2021 version of EUSeaMap (Vasquez et al., 2021) and reports on previous versions (v2016 and V2019) are linked in Online Resources.

Energy class layer produced by EMODnet Seabed Habitats as an input layer for the 2021 EUSeaMap broad-scale habitat model. The extent of the mapped area includes the Baltic Sea, and areas of the North Eastern Atlantic and Arctic extending from the Canary Islands in the south to Norway in the North. The map of energy classes was produced using underlying wave and current data and thresholds derived from statistical analyses or expert judgement on known conditions. This layer is the same as the input used in EUSeaMap 2019. A report on the methods used in the 2021 version of EUSeaMap (Vasquez et al., 2021) and reports on previous versions (v2016 and V2019) are linked in Online Resources.

Confidence in the classification of energy level in the EUSeaMap (2021) broad-scale predictive habitat map. Values are on a range from 1 (Low confidence) to 3 (High confidence). Energy level is one of the layers of information used to categorise physical habitat types in EUSeaMap; these layers of information are collectively known as 'habitat descriptors'. Confidence in the classification of an energy level at any location is driven by both the confidence in the values of the input variables, and the confidence in the classification based on proximity to, and uncertainty in, the boundary between classes (i.e. areas closer to a boundary between two classes will have lower confidence). Layers are also available showing confidence in the values of the input variables used to model energy levels (kinetic energy at the seabed and wave exposure). A report on the methods used in the 2021 version of EUSeaMap (Vasquez et al., 2021) and reports on previous versions (v2016 and V2019) are linked in Online Resources. Created by the EMODnet Seabed Habitats project consortium.

Classified seabed substrate types for European seas. Produced by EMODnet Seabed Habitats as an input layer for the 2021 EUSeaMap broad-scale habitat model, based on a combination of EMODnet Geology seabed substrate products and biological substrates extracted form individual habitat maps from surveys around European seas. The extent of the mapped area includes the Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea, Baltic Sea, and areas of the North Eastern Atlantic extending from the Canary Islands in the south to the Barents Sea in the north. The layer of seabed substrate was produced using data from EMODnet geology at the following scales: - 1:25k, 1:30k, 1:45k, 1:60k, 1:70k (a new fine scale layer as of 2021) - 1:50k 1:100k,1:250k (these were updated for 2021) - 1:1M (not updated for 2021) Biological substrates were included in the 2021 version of EUSeaMap to assist in the classification of biogenic habitats for the 2019 version of EUNIS. The Folk 5 classification of substrate is adopted because it is compatible with both the 2007-11 and 2019 versions of EUNIS, both of which have been applied in EUSeaMap 2021. A report on the methods used in the 2021 version of EUSeaMap (Vasquez et al., 2021) and reports on previous versions (v2016 and V2019) are linked in Online Resources.

Arctic mask shapefile produced by EMODnet Seabed Habitats as an input layer for the 2021 EUSeaMap broad-scale habitat model. Used in as a proxy to delimit the Arctic zone and it is used to classify shallow habitats into Arctic habitat classes as required by the EUNIS (V. 2019) habitat classification. The masks covers areas in the Barents Sea which are North of the polar front or where ice concentration exceeded 20% on average in 2018. The 20% threshold was derived from WMO ice classification and corresponds to "Very open drift ice". Created by the EMODnet Seabed Habitats project consortium. A report on the methods used in the 2021 version of EUSeaMap (Vasquez et al., 2021) and reports on previous versions (v2016 and V2019) are linked in Online Resources. Credit: Licensed under CC-BY 4.0 from the European Marine Observation and Data Network (EMODnet) Seabed Habitats initiative (www.emodnet-seabedhabitats.eu), funded by the European Commission.

Shapefile showing areas where ice concentration in the Barents Sea in 2018 was on average more than 20%. The 20% threshold was derived from WMO ice classification and corresponds to "Very open drift ice". Data averaged by Ifremer and NIVA derived from CMEMS (Copernicus) ice concentration product (resolution 1km, temporal resolution 1 year- 2018). Used in EUSeaMap 2021 to create the Arctic mask layer as an input layer for the 2021 EUSeaMap broad-scale habitat model Created by the EMODnet Seabed Habitats project consortium. A report on the methods used in the 2021 version of EUSeaMap (Vasquez et al., 2021) and reports on previous versions (v2016 and V2019) are linked in Online Resources. Credit: Licensed under CC-BY 4.0 from the European Marine Observation and Data Network (EMODnet) Seabed Habitats initiative (www.emodnet-seabedhabitats.eu), funded by the European Commission.

Confidence in the classification of the EUNIS 2007 habitat types in the EUSeaMap (2021) broad-scale predictive habitat map. Values are 1 (low confidence), 2 (moderate confidence) or 3 (high confidence). The final habitat type is classified by overlaying several layers of information; these layers of information are collectively known as 'habitat descriptors'. Habitat descriptors differ per region but include: Biological zone Energy class Oxygen regime Salinity regime Seabed substrate Riverine input The confidence in the classification of the habitat type is taken as the minimum of the confidence in all of the relevant habitat descriptors at that location. Confidence values are also available for each habitat descriptor and input data layer. Detailed information on the modelling process is found in the EMODnet Seabed Habitats technical reports and its appendices (links in Resources). Created by the EMODnet Seabed Habitats project consortium. Credit: Licensed under CC-BY 4.0 from the European Marine Observation and Data Network (EMODnet) Seabed Habitats initiative (www.emodnet-seabedhabitats.eu), funded by the European Commission. It is important to note that a habitat type confidence score is only relevant to that particular level of the classification system. For example, a cell of A3.1 high energy infralittoral rock with ‘low’ energy class confidence, ‘moderate’ biozone confidence and ‘high’ substrate type confidence would have an overall ‘low’ confidence. However, moving up the hierarchy to EUNIS level two (A3 infralittoral rock) removes the energy class; therefore, the confidence of the EUNIS level two habitat type would only consider the ‘moderate’ biozone confidence and ‘high’ substrate type confidence, resulting in an overall ‘moderate’ confidence.

Confidence in the classification of: - the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) Benthic Broad Habitat Types (V. 2017) - the EUNIS 2019 habitat types - the Helcom Hub regional classification system habitat types - the Barcelona Convention classification system habitat types in the EUSeaMap (2021) broad-scale predictive habitat map. Values are 1 (low confidence), 2 (moderate confidence) or 3 (high confidence). The final habitat type is classified by overlaying several layers of information; these layers of information are collectively known as 'habitat descriptors'. Habitat descriptors differ per region but include: Biological zone Energy class Oxygen regime Salinity regime Seabed substrate Riverine input The confidence in the classification of the habitat type is taken as the minimum of the confidence in all of the relevant habitat descriptors at that location. Confidence values are also available for each habitat descriptor and input data layer. Detailed information on the modelling process is found in the EMODnet Seabed Habitats technical reports and appendices (links in Resources). A link to the correlation table between MSFD Benthic Broad Habitat types* and the EUSeaMap 2016 biozone and substrate types is available in Resources. *Marine Strategy Framework Directive Benthic Broad Habitat Types (V. 2017) are defined in: COMMISSION DECISION (EU) 2017/848 of 17 May 2017 Created by the EMODnet Seabed Habitats project consortium. Credit: Licensed under CC-BY 4.0 from the European Marine Observation and Data Network (EMODnet) Seabed Habitats initiative (www.emodnet-seabedhabitats.eu), funded by the European Commission. It is important to note that a habitat type confidence score is only relevant to that particular level of the classification system.