Plastic pollution is one of the biggest environmental challenges of our time. Every year, million tonnes of plastic waste end up in the environment, with around 8 to 10 million metric tonnes making its way into the ocean [1]. Unlike organic materials, plastics do not biodegrade; instead, they break down into tiny fragments called microplastics, which persist in the environment. These particles have been found in the deepest ocean trenches, Arctic ice, and even human organs, raising concerns about their long-term ecological and health impacts. Recognising the urgency of the issue, the European Union has taken action to reduce plastic waste. In 2021, the Single-Use Plastics Directive banned items like plastic straws, cutlery, and plates [2], which are among the most commonly found litter in marine environments. Additionally, new regulations encourage recycling and eco-friendly packaging, with ambitious targets to make all plastic packaging recyclable by 2030 [3]. Recent discussions have also focused on microplastic pollution, with new regulations aiming to limit microplastic releases from industries and consumer products [4].
Statistics show that over 80% of marine litter is plastic [1]. Plastic waste is particularly problematic in marine ecosystems because it is lightweight, and easily transported by ocean currents. Non-degradable plastics persist in the ocean for centuries, causing entanglement and ingestion by marine animals, which can lead to harmful chemicals entering the food chain and affecting human health. This pollution also results in economic losses, from declining tourism due to polluted beaches to fishermen catching more plastic than fish, while valuable recyclable resources are lost at sea. The map of this week shows the median number of plastic bags and fishing related litter items along 100 metre segments of the European beaches from Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) monitoring, for the period from 2001 to 2022. As part of its plastics strategy, the EU adopted a directive to restrict the use of several disposable plastic products and fishing gear. In addition, it also adopted a directive on port reception facilities for the delivery of waste from ships.
While large-scale policies play a crucial role, individual actions matter too. Here’s how you can contribute:
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle: Cut down on single-use plastics, opt for reusable alternatives, and recycle whenever possible. Small changes in daily habits can have a lasting impact.
Support plastic reduction campaigns: Many local initiatives work to reduce plastic waste and raise public awareness.
Stay informed: Keep an eye out for upcoming EuroNews Ocean Episodes.
The data in the map are provided by EMODnet.
[1] https://oceanliteracy.unesco.org/plastic-pollution-ocean/
[2] https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/plastics/single-use-plastics_en
[3] https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/waste-and-recycling/packaging-waste_en
[4] https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/plastics/microplastics_en